Recent research in dentistry has uncovered a surprising relationship between oral health and general health. Namely, that gum disease can potentially affect other parts of the body, too. What's the relationship between gum disease and the rest of the body?
What is Gum Disease?
Gum disease is a progressive disease of the gums. It's caused by oral bacteria that colonize the teeth and gums. When these bacteria are allowed to infect the gum line, they can form pockets that have a direct path to the bloodstream. Ultimately, these bacteria can infect the teeth and jawbone, causing abscesses, and even tooth loss.
One of the biggest risk factors for gum disease is poor oral hygiene, as daily brushing and flossing is important to prevent bacteria from infecting the gum line. Smoking and poor nutrition play roles, too. Smoking reduces blood oxygen levels, which slows healing and makes it easier for bacteria to flourish. And poor nutrition can deprive the body of essential vitamins and minerals that help keep gums and teeth healthy.
How does Gum Disease Affect the Body?
Recent evidence shows that gum disease affects more than just your teeth and gums. There’s a strong link between gum disease and systemic health problems, including heart disease and diabetes. One hypothesis is that gum inflammation promotes inflammation in other parts of the body. Another possibility is that bacteria infecting the gums may enter the bloodstream and promote the growth of blood clots or arterial plaques.
Whatever the exact nature of the relationship, it’s clear that one does exist. People with gum disease are more likely to have coronary artery disease and consequences such as stroke and heart attack. It’s also known that gum disease is a risk factor for poor blood sugar control, meaning people with diabetes find it harder to control their blood sugar if they also have gum disease. In addition, people with both diabetes and gum disease are more likely to suffer diabetes-related kidney damage.
Preventing Gum Disease
Gum disease is extremely common, but with good oral hygiene, it can be prevented. The best ways to prevent gum disease include:
- Twice-daily brushing and daily flossing to keep both teeth and gums clean and free from bacteria and plaque.
- Regular dental visits for professional cleaning and dental exams.
- A nutritious diet rich in essential vitamins and minerals, and low in sugar.
- Avoid smoking and using tobacco products.
Conclusion
In terms of the potential effects on your oral health, gum disease is definitely a serious problem. But it seems that gum disease can have a big effect on your general health too. Luckily, this disease is largely preventable, with good oral hygiene habits and regular visits to your dentist.